Just a quick update from the front lines here in the oil-soaked Bay Area…

While cleanup continues, thousands of consumers and anti-consumers will get back mingling and browsing around the hundreds of socially conscious businesses exhibiting at the ‘fest. It stuck me as a particular irony that such a tragedy should befall the only area of the US where the environment is a big enough deal that the idea of a plastic bag monster doesn’t seem all that strange. (The PBM stopped by our booth yesterday as well–strange, he has a French accent)

Anyway, one more short day (and some team meetings on Monday), and it’s back to working ‘in’ our business here at Green Options Media, rather than ‘on’ it. Although we successfully launched the infrastructure for our network of blogs in time to make our booth eminently worthwhile, we’ve still got a lot of details to polish, broken links from the old system to fix up, and green professionals to hire on to share their expertise and experience via the blogs in our network.

So, come contribute to our community, and keep an eye on us as we grow! (sustainably, of course)

Each year in recent memory, General Motors (GM) has invited the press and other key influencers out to the famous Milford Proving Grounds to spend a day testing out its upcoming model year line of vehicles on a closed course. The company has learned a lot from their last (hilarious) attempt to leverage social media, and for the first time ever, they decided to bestow the same access upon writers from around the blogosphere. Although they made sure that a smattering of green blogs were in attendance, tech blogs, trend blogs, and others were represented as well. Since by now, they have all covered major aspects of the event and GM’s green and non-green offerings , I’ve decided to use the opportunity to take a look at how the proceedings reflect on GM’s move toward sustainability, both in its marketing, and in reality.

First, credit where credit’s due: GM is one of the few major public corporations (and the first I’ve seen in the auto industry) to realize that social media, and the blogosphere in particular, doesn’t take kindly to being treated like any old marketing mechanism. On-message spin doesn’t work online because bloggers are people who take pride in peering through the fog, and distilling information for their readers. Conversations on the web are not one-way, and information can’t be controlled in the ways executives are used to. They are learning that the blogosphere is never afraid to call “bullshit” when it sees it, and the possibility of instant feedback ensures that all viewpoints can be heard, immediately.

Okay, I’m being too kind. I’d guess that the vast majority of the company’s top executives still don’t understand exactly why they approved the creation of their social media unit, but at least they know they needed one. They managed to hire people who realize that success in the blogosphere is about having an honest conversation, good or bad, and that admitting mistakes builds trust with consumers. But a disconnect remains. Bob Lutz, GM’s main internal blogger, has advocated for a gas tax to help create consumer demand to force the industry to invest aggressively in breakthrough transportation technologies. That’s great, but if he can’t speak for the company, is it doing any good?

GM’s social media people hope that it will. I honestly got the sense that they really do want to help change the company’s culture from the inside. Obviously, that’s a long road. In this environment, only an honest, respectful dialogue is ever going to overcome the decades of inertia of a behemoth like GM.

Finally, with the advent of our medium, that dialogue is becoming possible in ways it never has been. One thing’s for sure: the louder and more aggressive the environmental community is in calling GM a bunch of fascists who pushed the Hummer on unsuspecting Americans, the less they’re helping their (and our) cause. They only provoke a more defensive reaction from the people at the top of the company. Despite my distaste for Hummer owners, no sane person can fault a company that answers to shareholders for responding to demand in a high-margin niche. A part of me can’t help but think that activists who try to pressure corporations into putting the planet above profit are missing the forest for the trees.

Obviously, something is seriously wrong with a system in which well-meaning people continue to create products that ignore the environmental, resource, and economic crises that lie ahead. But it’s not as if they’re acting irrationally, given the information available to them. We all work in a system that is fundamentally flawed, and if activists want things to get better, they might be better off banding together to address root causes rather than the symptoms. If every person with a “downstream” (i.e. GM- or DuPont-specific) complaint joined a national movement to advocate for public financing of elections, or changing the way corporate rights are considered under the law, we might finally be able to start addressing the fundamental tensions between activists and the business world.

As an activist who runs a business, I can say with confidence that both sides are well-meaning. No one wants a world in which our grandkids look back and scream “What were you thinking?!” So let’s start working together to create a future we can be proud of. None of us can succeed without the rest of us.

Note: GM paid for my airfare and accommodations in connection with my coverage of the event. Finally, in the spirit of honest, open dialogue, I’d like to issue a formal invitation for someone from GM to discuss with an electric vehicle activist the issue of the EV1 electric car, including the “hows” and “whys” of its history. The movie Who Killed the Electric Car? was a great way to start the conversation, but film remains a one-way medium, and I am personally interested to see a real conversation about the issue develop. Email me, and I’ll make sure it gets set up.

Welcome to the first official entry of a multi-part series documenting the green business, building, marketing, branding, and festival-izing conferences that are ramping up as the summer comes to a close (including Opportrunity Green). I’ve previously provided a first-hand account from WINDPOWER 2007 and Green Festival Chicago, and missed countless others.

I recognize all the benefits of green building, but, as I’ve never owned any kind of building, I’ve never explored a homeowner’s eco-friendly options in much depth, or been to a conference targeted at the industry.

Right from the opening plenary, visionaries (led in prominence by Steve Wozniak) hammered home the feeling that the green building industry is really at a tipping point where a cascade of exponential growth is possible. In this respect, I didn’t feel too out of place. I had heard a similar message at every niche conference I’d been to since starting Green Options. Indeed, the implications of a true transition to a sustainable economy are the same for green pioneers in every industry. If you can provide any product or service in a more environmentally responsible way, and do it as cheap or cheaper than the old way, you are the future.

So what? People have been saying we’re at a tipping point for years… They’re just another kind of salesman trying to drum up business, right? Even if it’s growing, it’s just a bubble, like everything else.

Wrong.

In the many industries that demand consistent natural resource inputs (energy, building, transportation), people have been doing things essentially the same way for a long time. And entrepreneurs are finding solutions that preserve all of the advantages of our unsustainable practices, but with less toxicity, fewer resource inputs, and beautiful outputs. Any industry can optimize a business model for more than one variable–say, profit AND impact on the system as a whole.

Some of the exhibitors did just that.

There were multiple firms that recycle packaging styrofoam into insulated concrete forms. The best one I saw was Apex-Block. Some might object to the use of styrofoam in any "green" building, but my take on it is that we need cost-effective, energy-efficient solutions now, and there’s no shortage of styrofoam being produced and thrown away that none of us can do much about at the moment, so… get real.

There are were also some "breakthroughs" whose green-ness I question: both of the two ethanol-burning fireplace booths I visited were more concerned with emphasizing the simple, sleek, user-friendliness of ethanol as a fireplace fuel than where the fuel came from. I found it ironic that 10 minutes later I was listening to a pre-eminent architecture professor use his Powerpoint to contrast decreasing crop yields from global warming against our policy of sacrificing food for fuel.

It didn’t surprise me too much that my fireplace salesmen friends weren’t up on the significant disadvantages of corn-based ethanol. All day, the fragmentation of the green building professionals I saw at the conference struck me; it seemed a little like most of them didn’t know there were that many others out there. As they grow, WCG and conferences like it continue to help refugees from the old economy find their place in the new.

Yesterday I hopped down to LA for the first day of WINDPOWER 2007, the wind energy industry’s annual conference and trade show. It’s not an event that will make a lot of waves in the media (despite high-profile speakers), but I wanted to provide GO readers with an inside look at how the wind industry sees itself and what that means for the rest of us. However, it’s such a huge event that even one day’s coverage demands multiple posts. I apologize for not getting part one up earlier, but here it is.

EcoGeek’s Ransom Riggs sat next to me at the morning press briefing featuring Sen. Tom Daschle, head of conference sponsor AWEA, Randall Swisher, and other energy big-wigs. Ransom's writeup provides a good overview of conclusions coming out of the briefing and the message of the conference in general, so we asked the EcoGeek if we could feature Ransom’s overview in addition to my thoughts and analysis.

Looking down on the showroom from the press room, the wind industry's largest gathering was a sight to behold. Whereas Greenfest Chicago called the ‘green’ world together to speak to tens of thousands of consumers, WINDPOWER 2007 has brought 7,000 wind energy professionals to a showroom about the same size, with the extra space filled by glitzy, expensive (and effective) marketing displays.

Similarly, WINDPOWER replaces Greenfest’s impassioned speeches with multiple themed tracks of seminars and panels for the various types of stakeholders at the event. I hopped around to as many sessions as I could, and every speaker I heard had a particular expert perspective on wind power's potential to help mitigate and solve many of the problems facing our present and future. I'll save the real analytical meat for part 2 of my coverage, but for now, some highlights:

• acclaimed scientists picked apart myths and bogeymen about using and expanding wind energy;
• engineers beamed at new technologies that are ready to make a huge difference in energy production given continued investment growth and economies of scale;
• regulators warned that transmission capacity is emerging as a bottleneck for harnessing the best and most plentiful wind resources, although there remains lots of wind that can be exploited with today’s transmission infrastructure;
• every question about how best to bring wind power to scale (AWEA would like to see 300GW of capacity installed by 2020) had a single answer: stable, supportive long-term government policies that will signal investors that the opportunity profit from wind energy is here to stay.

Until I have time to tackle each of these points and others in greater depth over the next few days, GO and EcoGeek aren’t the only online media outlets providing coverage of the happenings at WINDPOWER 2007. Renewable Energy Access definitely wins the award for most frequent updates from the conference. In keeping with REA’s industry professional focus, most of their updates look like press releases from one of the 400+ exhibitors, but there’s some good, meaty info in their coverage nonetheless. Also, my buddy Summer Bowen of BTC Elements (who kindly chauffered me around at the last event I attended in LA, Phoenix Motorcar’s SUT launch) covered the event for Treehugger (link to come). Lastly, I can’t forget NewEnergyNews. If I’m forgetting any bloggers who are providing their take on the action, or if any of you at home have feelings about wind power or policy you’d like to share, leave a comment below.

When we left off with Part I, Van Jones of the Ella Baker Center was asking “who is going to receive the benefits of exploding investments in green industries? What does this all mean for the future? Where do we go from here?” In part II, I’ll outline Van’s vision for the answers to these questions. In the broadest sense, there are three possible future scenarios:1. Eco-apocalypse: This is the scenario relating to business as usual. If we do nothing, we face accelerating environmental catastrophe. It is the fear of these impacts that motivates most activists now.2. Eco-apartheid: This represents the current trend where the affluent use their considerable resources to find ways to mitigate the impacts of environmental damage on their own lives, while the poor and underprivileged are left without a way out. Depsite the progress that has been made, we find ourselves “already staring down the barrel” of eco-aparteid. So what? Well, allowing our society to go down that path would certainly be immoral, but besides that, it won’t work: eco-aparteid is just a speed bump on the way to eco-apocalypse. In order to work, the green economy has to include the majority of people, not just the majority of affluent people. Letting the rich fix their own problems is a quick fix, but not a sustainable solution. So what is the alternative?

3. Eco-equity: Essentially, eco-equity means we need each other. It’s not about charity, guilt trips, or accusations. The overriding message of this imperative is that our children’s children won’t be here if we don’t figure this thing out. Relying on “a free market evacuation plan” is not a viable solution for society as a whole. A “sink or swim” mentality doesn’t work. See: Katrina.“We must reject sink or swim in an age of floods; stand together, be together, thrive together.”

Equal access and opportunity to the best of the green economy is essential for the challenges we face as a society. What is the best agenda to pursue? A green economy strong enough to lift people out of poverty. Given the complexity of these issues, how can green advocates explain them all in a short period of time? A rhetorical device: “The Fourth Quadrant.” (The rest of this explanation really needs some version of Van’s Powerpoint slide to make sense. Until we can get the actual diagram from Van's people, I took the liberaty of drawing it out on a napkin for you. High tech, I know…)On a basic level, people understand the spectrums of ‘gray’ moving to ‘green’ (environmental problems, moving to solutions), and rich to poor, but rarely do they think about where these two intersect. If you plot these on a crossing axis and draw a box around the four endpoints, it creates four quadrants. The altruism afforded by affluence defines the top left quadrant. It is predominantly this type of person who has the time and resources to care about environmental problems that don’t directly affect their daily lives. They are the most active supporters of polar bears, the rainforest, and other such external problems. Are the people who can afford to wrong to focus on these problems? Of course not. When keystone species in ecosystems disappear, we’re next. This line of reasoning may be selfish, but it’s as good a justification for altruism as any. We need people to take up these causes.How, then, do poor people think about abstract environmental problems? Quite simply, they don’t. The bottom left quadrant of this diagram represents the practical environmental concerns of marginalized communities: industrial pollution and the health problems it causes, rising energy prices, and many more issues. It’s not hard to see why polar bears don’t get a lot of traction in the barrio.But defining and raising awareness about environmental problems is only half the battle. In order to avoid disaster, we have to actively move towards solutions. The top right quadrant is defined by the intersection of affluence and green solutions. This includes people who can afford hybrids, carbon offsets, solar panels on their vacation home, and boutique organic products. These people often see green as an investment opportunity.Are they wrong to take this view? Once again, of course not. It is essential for the people with capital to invest in helping the earth with their disposable income. But what about the fourth quadrant? What is the meaning of the green economy for the poor? Until now, this last quadrant has too often been undefined (at best) and ignored (at worst). These people have been locked out of the material benefits of the pollution-based industrial economy. If we are serious about tackling the social and environmental challenges of our times, green collar jobs for the underprivileged and opportunities for community health improvement are the only way forward.So, how does this work in practical terms? If you put up solar panels, you’re on your way to a professional job with union benefits. This is a ‘green collar’ route out of poverty. When you learn how to double pane glass to weatherproof a home or install bamboo flooring, you’re beginning down a path to a career that is sustainable on both personal and social levels. Jobs like these are the first step on ladder towards ownership, entrepreneurship, and empowerment. This is the true win-win of the emerging green economy—but only if we make it happen. (After explaining the Fourth Quadrant, Van closed with the beginnings of a success story. His work on creating a green job corps model in Oakland has become a model for Nancy Pelosi’s Clean Energy Jobs Bill. How did he pitch it to Pelosi? For this and his closing remarks, I’ll let Van’s words speak for themselves; during this part of the speech, I was typing furiously while the audience clapped)

“People have only told poor youth what not to do, never said ‘stand with me, and be at the center of this movement.’ If you do that, Nancy Pelosi, you will change America.”“We can build a real movement again, across the lines of race and class. All of us have been lonely and isolated and frustrated. No one joined the movement to go it alone. We have the opportunity now to move forward and build a coalition greater than the New Deal, but we need to get the government on the side of the problem solvers in our new economy, not the problem makers. And when that happens, it won’t be because of bitching and moaning.” “We want America to lead the world in clean and green solutions, bring a multiracial country together and leads the world to something beautiful again. And when we do that, we won’t be taking America back, we’ll be taking it forward.

Is this too long for you to read? Or did you read the whole thing straight through and want to see more? Either way, this YouTube video is for you.

Hello from Chicago! GreenFest is over, and the Green Options team finally has a chance to relax after a hectic and amazing weekend. Our primary promotion, in which we worked with Renewable Choice Energy to offset GreenFest-goers' carbon emissions to and from the Festival, will result in 73,900 lbs. of total offsets. We haven't heard final numbers for the weekend yet, but rumor has it that over 35,000 people attended Saturday's festivities alone.

To celebrate a smooth and successful operation and an enthusiastic response from consumers, we're ejoying some locally-brewed 312 beer before we disperse back across the country and return to our virtual workplaces on Monday.

All in all, a great weekend and an inspiring Earth Day. The green movement appears to be flowing into the public consciousness rather than nipping at the margins, and Earth Day is finally becoming a day for all of us. At Green Options, we're going to do our part to help this process continue…

Yesterday, I had a chance to leave our booth in Liam and Noelle’s capable hands to head over to the main stage to hear Van Jones of the Ella Baker Center speak about “green collar” jobs as an avenue to social justice. The following is my lightly edited notes from his speech. I would have just taken a video and posted it via YouTube, but Green Festival sustains itself in part through the sales of speaker recordings, so my indirect account is probably the best you who couldn’t join us are going to get. For the most part, I’ll paraphrase or quote Van, and throw a few comments in there when I feel like it.

Van: Those of you in audience have been working hard, for years, decades even, hoping that someday the country would wake up and do something about the dangers that face us. Thanks to everyone who have paved the way for the explosion of the green movement; welcome to your year. Finally, discourse in this country is turning the corner in the direction of sanity. It’s one thing when movement is on the fringe, marginalized by the powers that be, who benefit from the status quo. But, when the movement grows in strength, it is a new and different day, with particular consequences for the movement itself.

Unthinking consumer/industrial society has increasingly been put on trial already, and as it grows, the green movement will face the same challenge. We will accomplish what we know is right, but as movement moves from margin to center, the only question is:

Who are we going to take with us and who to leave behind?

We have both a moral and a political obligation to not to reserve the benefits of a green transition for the affluent who put solar panels on their vacation home; we need to build an economy to lift people out of poverty, and we should be judged on those moral goals.

Communities form Newark to Oakland need jobs and hope, and everything out there (waves hand in direction of GF exhibitions) means new jobs, new services, new products, and new opportunities. We need to stand together and expand this green coalition to include a wider variety of people:

“We can save the polar bears and we can save the black kids too!” But how?

I wasn’t always an environmentalist. I worked in social justice. In my work, I came across a contradiction: if Pookie sells drugs, he goes to jail, but if he comes home and gets a job at a polluting factory, we call that a success story. Should people come back from self-destructive activities add to the destruction of our society and our environment? People need dignified, hopeful, helpful, powerful work, and we can’t accept anything less for our children if we’re going to build a future together. This contradiction set me on a path to find something I could believe in, a single standard or justice that reflects economic, social, and environmental needs simultaneously.

After this introduction, Van had the crowd pumped and ready for… a Powerpoint. I was a bit taken aback, but I think you’ll see it ended up fitting in well.

Van: Whenever I show this, I say this is “the power point that Al Gore would give if he were black.” (Laughter from crowd. We’ll work on getting our readers access to the powerpoint)

The Third Wave of Environmentalism

We are entering what I call the “third wave” of environmentalism. What were the first two waves? Glad you asked. (What a pedagogical trickster Mr. Jones is!)

The first wave, conservation, refers to the roots the current environmental movement has in the principles of conservation, from the Native Americans to Roosevelt. Natives were the original conservationists, fully populating a continent (no matter what people tell you about it being wide open), while leaving forests that would let a squirrel go branch to branch from the east coast to the Mississippi River without touching the ground. After conquering the continent, the National Parks movement return those values of conserving the bounty of nature (what we have come to think of as the past) to the public sphere.

In sparking the second wave of environmentalism—regulating the excesses of industry—Rachel Carson and Silent Spring made An Inconvenient Truth look like like small potatoes. Her work made people realize that environmentalism isn’t just about critters and rivers, but about human beings: the effect of our industrial lifestyle on ourselves and our people. The resulting groundswell led to the Clean Air and Water Acts. Today, environmentalists consider that shot in the arm beautiful moment in American Democracy.

But there was a problem: the “second wave” was a movement of affluence. Too little attention was paid to race, class, income, and power. As a result, the white mainstream environmental movement appeared to the underprivileged to be conspiring with big industry, as the harmful effects of industry got pushed to margins of society.

In the 80s, an environmental justice movement began to respond. It’s message: regulate, but regulate fairly. We can’t ever forget that even best of intentions don’t mean much if we don’t include, reach out, and listen to the voices left behind.

The “third wave” is a fundamentally different phenomenon that the first two. We have reached a point where the imperative is to invest in the solutions of the future, the “new clean and green technologies” that are springing up as innovation responds to new challenges. Environmentalists are no longer just defining problems, but moving society towards solutions.

As in the first two waves, there are both affluent (Rooseveltian conservation) and those who are left behind (Native Americans). So, the question is, what is the meaning of this new wave for poor people and people of color? Is there an opportunity for them to be a part of this, or will the mistakes of the second wave be repeated?

Many underprivileged and people of color don’t even consider this a relevant question; they share the ebbing view that green is still small-time, and don’t feel a reason to act altruistically to get involved, considering the demands of daily survival.

The emerging reality is, green has gone mainstream: green celebrities are their own new trend, and Vanity Fair, Elle, and other mags are all shouting “green is the new black” in their annual “green issues.” You know something’s up when Al Gore is on the cover of Y Magazine. “He’s no Leonardo DiCaprio by any stretch of the imagination.”

But these admirable efforts to make green ‘cool’ already obscure a vital issue. How many people of color are in all those recycled pages? Something is already off with this new wave, even at the pop cultural level.

Companies aren’t stupid. Growth in demand for environmental action has led to an explosion in ‘greenvertising,’ where polluters try to pretend they’re greener than you. Most of these ad campaigns are farcical, but they at least reflect the awareness that there is a rapidly growing demand for green products and services.

These companies see the numbers. The ‘LOHAS’ (Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability) market is huge: susatainable energy: $76B/year; alternative healthcare: $35B/year, personal development: $10B/year. Overall, these markets are a $230 billion part of US economy.

The Cleantech sector reached #6 on the list of venture capital (VC) investment in 2005. This stunned observers, until 2006 came around and it jumped again to #3, ahead of information technology (IT). Now people are speculating that it’s heading to #1 next year. VC investment in the sector is projected to grow from $40B to $170B in the next few years.

This is great news: people want to be a part of the green solution. The bad news: LOHAS, Cleantech, and “green” in general constitute the most racially segregated parts of the US economy.

The question is, who is going to receive the benefits of those investments? What does this all mean for the future? Where do we go from here?

Stay tuned for Part II of Van Jones on Green Collar Jobs and Our Shared Future. Hopefully I’ll get a chance to post it soon.

Update from 10 minutes before close on Day 1:

So I have 4+ pages of unformatted notes on Van's speech (inspiring, even for a cynic… hopefully that will come through in my post), but haven't had a chance even yet to put it into publishable format. As you can imagine, time to sit, think, and type has been scarce today, but I'll get it up as soon as possible.

As for Jeff's post, we decided that Hightower's speech, while incisive and entertaining at the same time, weren't necessarily the best content for our site's generally non-partisan focus. However, Liam confirms that he will be posting about Bill McKibben's speech before the weekend is out.

We might not be able to make you feel like you're here at GreenFest with us, but hopefully, we can give you a glimpse of some of the highlights. Also, requests for specific coverage are welcome by comments or email. Although we can't guarantee all of them will be fulfilled, we'd love to hear what YOU want to hear about the action at GreenFest Chicago.

Hello from GreenFest Chicago. Just thought I'd post a little update about the day. I write a full post about Mayor Richard Daley's introductory speech this morning, but it was lost forever thanks to a wireless network error (technology: a blessing and a curse). I'll repost most of it in a summary of day one later, but for now, I just wanted to post a little announcement and a preview of what's to come for GO liveblogging at the Green Festival.

First and foremost, the announcement just came through that the newest GreenFest will be in…drumroll please… Seattle! Coming in April 2008, the Festival will continue to expand beyond Washington DC and San Francisco, its initial homes. So watch out, Washington State!

And also, a tentative schedule of live-blogging for the rest of the day:

Van Jones, "green collar" jobs and social justice advocate from the Ella Baker Center in Oakland, will be speaking in a moment and I will be blogging about it… Hopefully it will be submitted soon after he's done.

After that, Jeff will be covering Jim Hightower, Texas liberal extraordinaire, and Liam will bring you coverage of Bill KcKibben (of Step It Up 2007 fame).

Things are crazy here, but our goal is to give you coverage of events on the ground here in Chicago, and we'll do our best.

Stay tuned!

Besides welcoming him back from his Honduras hiatus, we here at GreenOptions want to wish a happy birthday to Clayton, our intrepid writer on biofuels (and the policy issues swirling around them). We love his thorough, academic approach to such complicated topics.

Although they might not appeal directly to your average 'lite green' consumer in the same way that much of our other content does, Clayton's posts are always well-read, and tend to draw thoughtful, thorough responses from readers, which make for long comments, but also make for a real dialogue on issues that a growing segment of society has a real desire to understand.

On a personal note, I've known Clayton now for most of his 25 years on this little planet, and never have I met anyone more dedicated to learning for the sake of learning. This value is quickly slipping in our society, and it's good to be reminded of people who are caring about the details for all us lazy sinners.

What I'm saying is that we appreciate Clayton's contribution to a real dialogue on some very muddy issues. If you want to understand how science and policy mix when it comes to biofuels, take a look at some of Clayton's previous posts:

Yesterday: 'Free Trade' Descends on Biofuel Arena

2/14: Eugene's Green Biofuel Station

2/7:Ethanol Could Face Hazy Future

And, from our beta period:

1/31: Oregon Seed Growers United Against Canola

1/24: Live From Sundance 2007: "Everything's Cool"

1/17: Cold-Flow: A Firsthand Experience with Frozen Biodiesel

1/9: EPA Requires New MPG Estimates

1/3: It still smells good: B20 Biodiesel emissions show no NOx increase.

All of Clayton's posts can be found here.

It's nights like this I'm glad I moved to Berkeley to start Green Options. Although it was only a few hundred people packed into the First Congregational Church, authors Bill Mckibben and Michael Pollan were there to talk about the mid- to long-term fate of our way of life, and what we need to be doing now to minimize the disaster, and ensure a reasonable quality of life for future generations. I feel like this is a conversation that more people should hear about, no?

First off, I was impressed with the format Global Exchange came up with for the event. A short summary of McKibben's book, Deep Economy, a long, lively conversation between the two authors, and then a well-organized Q&A. Maximum variety, maximum information. Other book tours/speakers series take note. As such, I have a hunch that my paraphrased notes will give you more information, quicker, than me writing prose about the subjects these two covered. So, here goes:

McKibben's Introduction of Deep Economy

The book critiques the dominant paradigm of growth as the ultimate economic goal. A model that relies on growth can't continue. A quick check of what would happen if China and India continue at their current rates of growth shows that resources would collapse before they reached current American consumption. (He had detailed examples, but if you want them, read the book)

Despite what ads tell us, more widgets no longer make us happy. Economists have started to realize that 'utility' is no longer an entirely sufficient term, as more does not equal happier. Although more generally does = happier in underdeveloped countries, human satisfaction surveys have shown a 50-year decline in American 'happiness' despite increasing levels of consumption. And in western Europe, happiness levels have not declined, even though they have moderated their consumption.

Why?

There is a loss of social connection, supported in the data. Average numbers of close friends per person has dropped in the US; many other indicators. Again, I guess, read the book.

Solutions to both the problem of growth and the problem of lost social connection: smaller communities, utilizing local resources.

Example: the supermarket vs. the farmer's market. A duel. Which one fosters more community? Which one requires more energy to feed you?

Community: Sociologists who strolled many a supermarket and many a farmer's market and tallied their results found that there was a ten-fold difference in the level of interaction between shoppers. (I have to agree with Bill here. And besides, my degree in Sociology compels me to dwclare it valid science)

Energy: On average, food eaten from a supermarket takes 5 to 15 times more energy to get a given amount of calories in your stomach than a local farmer's market.

Winner: Farmer's market, on both counts. (I'm not saying I'm a good enough cook to get all my food there, but why buy produce that's been sitting in a plane and then a truck when I can get local stuff picked that morning?)

Dialogue between Bill McKibben and Michael Pollan, author of The Omnivore's Dilemma

(Warning: the following is even more heavily edited and paraphrased than the last section)

MP: This is fine to tell a culture that already has so much, but what about all the people around the world who are striving to achieve the consumptive example we've set? Can we just tell them not to want stuff? What do we do?

BM: Our chief export is the image of the American Dream through TV and film, but there simply aren't enough resources to accomodate the demand. Going back to the topic of food, there are lots of innovative, sustainable practices that are more productive. One problem is that we've confused 2 kinds of productivity, yield/$ invested and yield/acre. The industrial food economy relies exclusively on the prices of inputs, and aims to maximize yield/$. Small farms that produce a variety of crops and animals can yield more per acre than vast monoculture tracts, without degrading the soil or polluting watersheds. (This is a big deal, people)

MP: But don't we need industrialization of food to maximize efficiency as the world's population continues to rise?

BM: If that growth in efficiency could be sustained forever, that's one thing, but history shows that gains are always temporary, lead to more problems, and require more chemicals, more inputs, to keep pushing yields up. Working with the uniqueness of local ecosystems, rather than trying to destroy them, keeps giving good yields year after year, no matter what the price of natural gas-fueled fertilizer is. It's not like eating localy is some crazy idea: "it's worth remembering that 50 years ago everyone ate locally, and 90% of people worldwide still do."

MP: There's talk of another revolution in agriculture, this time based around genetically modified organisms (GMOs) instead of chemicals.

BM: The metrics by which we measure success need to change. We're so convinced that the ends we puruse are correct just because they're possible. To frame a push for sustainability or organic farming as giving up modernity is wrong. It's more a question of trajectory: what course we choose, what we invest in as a society, and how we lead the world. China and India could follow either the European or American model of development, and if they all decide they want to drive their Hummers to the suburbs, it's game over. (Note: his actual quote was "…Plan A isn't possible. If that's all we can think of, we're going to drive off a cliff.")

What, no more?

This is long enough already, so I'll spare you the Q&A (unless the comments explode with requests), but there is one last thing. Bill McKibben, as a writer and professor in rural Vermont, has close ties to his community, and strongly believes that community action is the only way to create enough pressure (well, at least until the frequency of disasters and weather weirdness increases) to compel government to act in the interest of our society. He's using the power of the internet to build a National Day of Climate Action, to be held on April 14th at hundreds of rallies across the country. If you want to get involved (there are over 950 events currently planned), go to the Step It Up 2007 website at stepitup07.org.